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Medicine Catastrophe Lecture for nurses read. Rescue on water. Types of medical care

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Medicine Catastrophe Lecture for nurses read. Rescue on water. Types of Medical Aid Tutorial "Medicine Catastrophe. Theory and Practice" Ed., Kosheleva A.A., considers

Medicine Catastrophe Lecture for nurses read. Rescue on water. Types of medical care

Tutorial "Medicine Catastrophe. Theory and Practice" Ed., Kosheleva A.A., considers medical and evacuation measures to save victims in the fiber accident, the principles of emergency medical care during bleeding, traumatic shock, thermal injury, lesions of emergency chemical Hazardous substances, chest injury and abdomen. Describes the basics of desumgia. The book is designed for students of medical colleges, schools, paramedics.

Name: Organization and tactics of medical service
Chizh I.M.
The year of publishing: 2005
The size: 10.59 MB
Format: PDF.
Language: Russian
Description: The book "Organization and tactics of the medical service" ed., Chizhi I.M., considers the general problematic issues of the organization and tactics of the medical service from the position of the organization of military medical parts and. Download the book for free

Name: Emergency Medicine. Lecture course
Levchuk I.P., Tretyakov N.V.
The year of publishing: 2011
The size: 2.31 MB
Format: djvu.
Language: Russian
Description: Book "Medicine Catastrophe. The course of lectures" ed., Levchuk I.P., et al., Considers the course of medicine disasters in the form of lecture material. The issues of organizing evacuation measures at. Download the book for free

Name: Medicine disasters and emergencies
Kolb L.I., Leonovich S.I., Leonovich I.I.
The year of publishing: 2008
The size: 0.91 MB
Format: PDF.
Language: Russian
Description: The book "Medicine of Catastrophe and Emergency Situations" Ed., Flaska L.I., et al., It is considering the organization and provision of emergency medical care in emergency situations. Opi. Download the book for free

Name: Safety of vital and medicine disasters
Yastrebov GS
The year of publishing: 2005
The size: 9.45 MB
Format: PDF.
Language: Russian
Description: Tutorial "Security of vital activity and medicine disasters" ed., Yastrebova G.S., considers the main masses of life safety in various technogenic and natural catastries. Download the book for free

Name: Medicine urgent states. Selected clinical lectures. Volume 4.
Nikonov V.V., Feskov A.E., Fedak B.S.
The year of publishing: 2012
The size: 4.18 MB.
Format: PDF.
Language: Russian
Description: Download the book for free

Name: Medicine urgent states. Selected clinical lectures. Volume 3.
Nikonov V.V., Feskov A.E.
The year of publishing: 2011
The size: 4.83 MB
Format: PDF.
Language: Russian
Description: Practical leadership "Medicine of urgent states. Selected clinical lectures" Ed., Nikonova V.V., et al., Considers private, significant situations in the clinic of urgent states. Guide. Download the book for free

Name: Medicine urgent states. Selected clinical lectures. Volume 2.
Nikonov V.V., Feskov A.E.
The year of publishing: 2007
The size: 2.69 MB.
Format: PDF.
Language: Russian
Description: Practical leadership "Medicine of urgent states. Selected clinical lectures" Ed., Nikonova V.V., et al., Considers private, significant situations in the clinic of urgent states. Guide. Download the book for free

Name: Medicine urgent states. Selected clinical lectures. Volume 1.
Nikonov V.V., Feskov A.E.
The year of publishing: 2008
The size: 8.93 MB
Format: PDF.
Language: Russian
Description: Practical leadership "Medicine of urgent states. Selected clinical lectures" Ed., Nikonova V.V., et al., Consists of four volumes. The first volume considers such topics: a system answer.

The textbook complies with the training program for disaster medicine for students of medical universities. It presents modern information about the organization of medical support of the population in emergency situations of peace and wartime. In some topics, issues related to the organizational structure and tasks of a unified state system of preventing and eliminating emergency situations and the All-Russian Catastrophe Medicine Service are considered; Organization of medical and evacuation, sanitary and hygienic and anti-epidemic measures in emergency situations; medical and medical and psychological protection of the population and rescuers; medical supplies of institutions and formations of the disaster medicine service; The provision of medical care to the population in armed conflicts and local wars. The textbook can be used by teachers of medical universities to prepare educational and methodical literature and students for independent work.

Unified State System Prevention and Eliminate Emergency Situations.
Among the measures to ensure the national security of the country, measures are important to prevent emergency situations (emergencies) in peaceful and wartime, and in the event of their emergence, emergency response measures, ensuring the protection of the population, territories and the environment, reducing material losses. All over the world there is a steady tendency to grow human victims and material damage from emergency situations of technogenic, natural and environmental nature. Over the past 35-40 years, their number has increased almost 3 times. Material losses caused by technogenic accidents and catastrophes reach about 3% of the inner gross product.

The main causes of man-made emergencies are, on the one hand, the worniness of the main production assets and a significant deterioration in the material and technical supply, and on the other hand, a sharp decline in the level of production and technological discipline, a gross violation of safety requirements for equipment, mechanisms and machines, non-fulfillment of regulatory Requirements for preventive inspections and planned-warning repairs.

Of the objects of the economy in our country, more than 12 thousand (more than a quarter) are currently potentially dangerous, more than 50 million people live in their zone of action. Economic instability and inflation have led to the dilapidation and closure of a large number of observation and laboratory control stations, which does not allow the full implementation of measures to monitor, predict and prevent natural and environmental emergencies. This, in turn, leads to an increase in the number of victims of earthquakes, floods, mudflows, landslides and other natural and environmental disasters and catastrophes. In this regard, the protection of the population and territories from all sorts of dangers of war and peace has become today a new universal task, an urgent imperative of the times. In the Russian Federation, the implementation of measures to protect the population and territories in peacetime is entrusted to the Unified State System for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergencies (RSChS), whose activities are determined by the Regulations on the Unified State System for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergencies, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 30, 2003. No. 794.

Free download e-book in a convenient format, watch and read:
Download the book Disaster Medicine, Course of lectures, Levchuk I.P., Tretyakov N.V., 2011 – fileskachat.com, fast and free download.

Zhukov_S.V._Izbrannye_lekcii_po_medicine_katastrof_(Tver",2007)(ru)(118s).doc

MEDICAL ACADEMY OF ROSZDRAV"

Disaster medicine

Tutorial

UDC 616-053.5-084 (613.955)

Zhukov S.V. Korolyuk E.G. Selected lectures on disaster medicine. – Tver, 2007. – 120s.

Compiled by:

Zhukov S.V. – Ph.D. Senior Lecturer at the Department of Military and Extreme Medicine of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education TSMA Roszdrav, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Security, Defense and Law Enforcement Problems of the Russian Federation.

Korolyuk E.G. – Ph.D. Senior Lecturer of the Department of Military and Extreme Medicine of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the TSMA of Roszdrav, Head of the Department of Industrial Practice of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the TSMA of Roszdrav.

Approved at the meeting of the course of disaster medicine

The manual is intended to prepare students of medical, pediatric and dental faculties for practical and seminar classes in disaster medicine.

A number of questions on the organization of collective and individual protection of the population, the evacuation of the population and medical facilities, the medical and tactical characteristics of the damaging factors, mobilization training, the work of the OPM, the deployment of the OPM in the centers of nuclear and chemical damage and general issues of sanitary and anti-epidemic work were considered during the course of the discipline "Civil health defense", and they are not included in this manual.

For most of the issues under consideration, this manual is based on the textbook I.I. Sakhno, V.I. Sakhno Disaster Medicine.

Lecture No. 1 Basic concepts and terminology

emergency situation for health careOf the objects of the economy in our country, more than 12 thousand (more than a quarter) are currently potentially dangerous, more than 50 million people live in their zone of action. Economic instability and inflation have led to the dilapidation and closure of a large number of observation and laboratory control stations, which does not allow the full implementation of measures to monitor, predict and prevent natural and environmental emergencies. This, in turn, leads to an increase in the number of victims of earthquakes, floods, mudflows, landslides and other natural and environmental disasters and catastrophes. In this regard, the protection of the population and territories from all sorts of dangers of war and peace has become today a new universal task, an urgent imperative of the times. In the Russian Federation, the implementation of measures to protect the population and territories in peacetime is entrusted to the Unified State System for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergencies (RSChS), whose activities are determined by the Regulations on the Unified State System for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergencies, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 30, 2003. No. 794.

Free download e-book in a convenient format, watch and read: Download the book Disaster Medicine, Course of lectures, Levchuk I.P., Tretyakov N.V., 2011 – fileskachat.com, fast and free download.

Zhukov_S.V._Izbrannye_lekcii_po_medicine_katastrof_(Tver",2007)(ru)(118s).docMEDICAL ACADEMY OF ROSZDRAV"

Disaster medicine TutorialUDC 616-053.5-084 (613.955)

Zhukov S.V. Korolyuk E.G. Selected lectures on disaster medicine. – Tver, 2007. – 120s.

  • Compiled by:
  • Zhukov
  • S.V.
  • – Ph.D. Senior Lecturer at the Department of Military and Extreme Medicine of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education TSMA Roszdrav, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Security, Defense and Law Enforcement Problems of the Russian Federation.
  • Korolyuk
  • E.G.
  • – Ph.D. Senior Lecturer of the Department of Military and Extreme Medicine of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the TSMA of Roszdrav, Head of the Department of Industrial Practice of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the TSMA of Roszdrav.
  • Approved at the meeting of the course of disaster medicine
  • The manual is intended to prepare students of medical, pediatric and dental faculties for practical and seminar classes in disaster medicine.

A number of questions on the organization of collective and individual protection of the population, the evacuation of the population and medical facilities, the medical and tactical characteristics of the damaging factors, mobilization training, the work of the OPM, the deployment of the OPM in the centers of nuclear and chemical damage and general issues of sanitary and anti-epidemic work were considered during the course of the discipline "Civil health defense", and they are not included in this manual.

For most of the issues under consideration, this manual is based on the textbook I.I. Sakhno, V.I. Sakhno Disaster Medicine.

Lecture No. 1 Basic concepts and terminology emergency situation forhealth care

– The situation that has developed at the facility in the area (region) as a result of an accident, catastrophe, dangerous natural phenomenon, epidemic, epizooty, hostilities, characterized by the presence or ability to appear a significant number of affected (patients), a sharp deterioration of the living conditions of the population and requiring attraction for health care provision forces and health facilities outside the facility (zone, district) of emergencies, as well as a special organization of the work of medical institutions and the formations involved in the elimination of health effects of emergencies. Accident – a dangerous man-made incident, creating a threat to the life and health of people, leading to the destruction of buildings, structures, equipment, vehicles and violation of the production or transport process, as well as damage to the health of people and (or) the environment .Catastrophe

– A sudden, fleeting event, resulting in human sacrifices, damage to the health of people, destruction or destruction of objects and other material values ​​in significant amounts, as well as suffering serious environmental damage. SpontaneousDisasters

– These are hazardous natural phenomena or processes of geophysical, geological, hydrological, atmospheric, biosphere and other origin of such a scale, which causes catastrophic situations, characterized by a sudden violation of the life of the population, the destruction and destruction of material values, defeat or death of people. By appearance (character) of the source of emergencies are divided into:biological and social (infectious morbidity of people, infectious morbidity of farm animals, damage to agricultural plants with diseases and pests, hunger, terrorism);

Military (military conflicts, war); Natural (earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tsunami, landslides, etc.);technogenic (radiation, chemical, biological accidents; fires and explosions; collaboration of structures; accidents on sewage treatment facilities; flooding, wreck (crashing of vehicles);

ecological (in the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere). meteorological disasters – storms (hurricanes, tornadoes, cyclones, snowstorms), frosts, extraordinary heat, droughts, etc.; topological disasters – floods, snow falls, landslides, snowdrifts, mudflows;telluric and tectonic catastrophes – earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, etc.;

accidents – failure of structures (dams, tunnels, buildings, mines, etc.), fires, shipwrecks, train wrecks, large explosions, etc. Classification of natural and man-made emergencies(according to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 13, 1996 No. 1094)

striking factorssources

emergency – these are factors of a mechanical, thermal, radiation, chemical, biological (bacteriological), psycho-emotional nature, which are the causes of emergencies and lead to the defeat of people, animals, the natural environment, as well as objects of the national economy. Dynamic (mechanical) factors as a result of the direct action of excess pressure in the front of the shock wave, throwing a person away by the velocity pressure and hitting external objects, the actions of secondary projectiles (structures of buildings and structures, stones, fragments, glass, etc.) lead to various wounds and closed injuries. Thermal factors

– as a result of exposure to high temperatures (light radiation, fires, high ambient temperature, etc.), thermal burns occur, general overheating of the body; at low temperatures, general hypothermia and frostbite are possible.

Radiation factors – in case of accidents at radiation hazardous facilities and the use of nuclear weapons as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation on the body, radiation sickness (acute and chronic) and radiation burns of the skin can develop, and if radioactive substances enter the body through the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract – lesions internal organs.

Chemical factors – emergency hazardous chemicals (AOHV), chemical warfare agents, industrial and other poisons, affecting people during chemical accidents, the use of chemical weapons, cause a variety of (by nature and severity) damage.

Biological (bacteriological) –factors
– toxins, bacteria and other biological (bacteriological) agents, the release and spread of which are possible in case of accidents at biologically hazardous facilities, and in military conditions, when used by the enemy, they can lead to mass infectious diseases (epidemics) or mass poisoning. Psycho-emotional impact damaging factors on people in extreme conditions can be manifested by a decrease in working capacity, a violation of their mental activity, and in some cases more serious disorders.isolated

damage – a single injury within one organ, one anatomical segment of a limb or a functional formation within one anatomical region. traumatic separationboth
lower

  • limbson thelevel
  • shinsthermal and mechanical damage to the handA warning

emergency – this is a set of measures taken in advance and aimed at minimizing the risk of emergencies, as well as preserving people's health, reducing environmental damage, material losses in case of their occurrence. liquidationemergency
– these are emergency rescue and other urgent work carried out in the event of an emergency and aimed at saving lives and preserving people's health, reducing damage to the environment and material losses, as well as localizing emergency zones, stopping the action of their characteristic hazardous factors.

  • Zone
  • emergency
  • This is a territory in which an emergency situation has developed.
  • health care
  • effects
  • emergency

situations

– this is a complex characteristic of an emergency, which determines the content, volume and organization of medical and sanitary support.Includes: the magnitude and nature of the emerging sanitary losses; Next of astounding in various types of medical care; conditions for conducting medical and evacuation measures in the emergency area; sanitary and hygienic and sanitary and epidemiological situation that has developed as a result of the emergency; The failure or violation of the activities of medical and prophylactic, sanitary and hygienic, anti-epidemic institutions and support institutions with medical property, as well as a violation of the life support of the population in the emergency area and the areas adjacent to it, etc.

Stricken

in

Emergency

Situation

(In assessing the consequences of emergencies, the concept of "victims") is also applied – this is a person who, as a result of a direct or indirect impact on him, affecting him of the source of emergence of the emergence of health.

Common human losses arising in emergencies are divided into:

irrevocable

losses

– People who died at the moment of emergence of emergencies, who died before entering the first stage of medical evacuation (in a medical institution) and missing.

Sanitary

losses

– affected (survivors) and ill with emergencies or as a result of emergency.

Structure

Sanitary

LOSS

– This is the distribution of affected (patients): according to the severity of lesions (diseases) – extremely heavy, heavy, moderate severity, lungs; By the nature and localization of lesions (types of diseases).

The magnitude and structure of losses in emergencies depend on:

character, scale and intensity of emergencies,

The population in the emergency area

density and nature of population placement,

Timely alert and security tools,

population readiness to actions in the threat of emergencies,

level of preparation for the liquidation of the consequences of emergencies and others.

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Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

OoEU SPO "Staroscolsk Medical College"

MDC 03.02. "Emergency Medicine"

For students of 4 courses specialty "Nursing case"

Stary Oskol 2013

Explanatory note

Emergency Evacuation Security Population

This training manual was developed on the basis of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard in the specialties of secondary vocational education in the specialty Nursing Case 060501 "Nursing" and provides for the development of the necessary amount of theoretical knowledge for the development of professional competencies of the professional module "Providing prefigure medical care for urgent states."

Provision of prefigure assistance in extreme situations requires special training of all units of the medical service. During the disaster, even the non-injured medical worker is sometimes not able to fulfill the usual work, due to the nervous overvoltage. Therefore, the collection of lectures includes issues of assistance to victims with therapeutic and surgical pathology in emergency situations, according to the Working Program.

The main objective of the issue of a collection of lectures is to prepare students to actions in emergency situations and when eliminating the consequences of a catastrophe, to systematize theoretical knowledge in self-preparation for practical exercises, tests, exams.

When studying the study manual, medical college students have the opportunity to familiarize themselves with the following sections and themes:

1. "Safety and protection of a person in dangerous and emergency situations":

Principles of the organization of protection of the population from emergency situations,

work of medical service in emergency;

definitions and concepts of medicine disasters;

The system of medical and evacuation support of the population and the provision of medical care in emergency (evacuation, sorting).

the concept and definition of natural disasters, the protection of the population in the hearth of emergencies;

2. "Medicine Catastrophe":

determination of the state of shock of various etiologies, acute respiratory failure, coma;

the concept of resuscitation, resuscitation,

electric shock, asphyxia, types of drowning and first aid for victims with injuries of this nature,

assistance to victims of surgical and therapeutic profile,

organization of assistance to victims of poisoning at the prehospital stage.

A large number of various specialized literature, the lack of a sufficient number of new textbooks and the lack of an academic textbook that combines all topics and sections of the work program of the MDT "Disaster Medicine" was the reason for creating this collection of lectures.

The manual was compiled in accordance with the curriculum of the Federal State Educational Standard III in the specialty 060501 "Nursing".

The allowance includes:

12 methodological developments of theoretical classes;

List of used literature.

In each development: lecture plan, lecture text, section for student notes on the topic, questions for self-control.

The prepared material will help students systematize theoretical and practical knowledge, and can be actively used in independent work.

All comments and suggestions will be accepted with gratitude.

List of used abbreviations

AHOV – emergency chemically hazardous substances

VSMK — All-Russian Disaster Medicine Service

DVP – first aid

road traffic accident

IF — Frank index

MPU – medical and preventive institution

LS – personnel

LEO – medical evacuation support of the population in emergency situations

NS – chief of staff

OV – poisonous substance

ARF – acute respiratory failure ADP – burn of the respiratory tract

SCI — focus of combined lesion

OP – lesion

OPMP – first aid squad

PVP – first aidPMP – first aid

PPZ – fire protection PPK – fire brigadePSO – special processing site

PEP — reception evacuation pointSBP — systolic blood pressure

SG — sorting hospitalSDS – Prolonged Squeezing Syndrome

PPE – personal protective equipmentSidNR – rescue and other urgent work

SMP — specialized medical care SPEV – specialized anti-epidemic brigadeSP — sorting post

SEO – sanitary epidemic squad

BOT – prefabricated evacuation point

FOV – organophosphorus medicinal substances

FOS — organophosphorus compounds

HOO – chemically dangerous object

Emergency – emergencyLecture 1. Modern complex of security problems. Nase defense organization emergency response1. Basic concepts of MK