C. Rogers: Congruence and Self-Assessment of Personality Carl Rogers (1902-1987) developed personality theory and therapy to help a person change himself and his relationships with others. As for others

K. Rogers: congruence and self-esteem of personality

Carl Rogers (1902-1987) developed personality theory and therapy to help a person change himself and his relationships with others. As with other representatives of humanistic psychology, the idea of ​​the value and uniqueness of the human person is central to Rogers. He believed that the experience that a person acquires during his life and which he calls the "phenomenal field" is unique and individual. This world, created by a person, may or may not coincide with reality, since not all objects in a person's environment are perceived by him. The degree of identity of this field of reality Rogers called congruence. With a high degree of congruence, what a person communicates to others, then,

what is happening around, and what he is aware of in what is happening, more or less coincide with each other. A violation of congruence leads to the fact that a person is either not aware of reality, or does not express what he really wants to do or what he thinks. This leads to an increase in tension, anxiety and, ultimately, to the neuroticization of the individual. Neuroticism is also facilitated by the departure from one's individuality, the rejection of self-actualization, which Rogers, like A. Maslow, considered one of the most important needs of the individual. Developing the foundations of his therapy, the scientist combined in it the idea of ​​congruence with self-actualization, since their violation leads to neurosis and deviations in personality development.

Rogers came to the conclusion that the inner essence of a person is expressed in self-esteem. In young children, this self-esteem is unconscious and is

rather than self-esteem. At a later age, children begin to realize themselves, their aspirations and abilities, and build their lives in accordance with a conscious self-assessment. In the event that behavior is built precisely on the basis of self-esteem, it expresses the true essence of the personality, its abilities and skills, and therefore brings the greatest success to a person. The results of activity bring satisfaction to a person, increase his status in the eyes of others, such a person does not need to displace his experience into the unconscious, since his opinion of himself, the opinion of others about him and his real self correspond to each other, create complete congruence.