SPB GBUZ "Urban Polyclinic №114" First aid in acute violation of cerebral circulation (ONMK) The main signs (symptoms) of an acute brain disorder

SPB GBUZ "Urban Polyclinic №114"

First aid in acute violation of cerebral circulation (ONMK)

The main features (symptoms) of an acute brain circulation disorder:
– numbness, weakness "disadvantage" or paralysis (immobilization) hands, legs, half of the body, pumping the face and / or salivament on one side;
– speech violations (difficulties in the selection of the necessary words, understanding speech and reading, inadvertent and fuzzy speech, to the complete loss of speech);
– violations or loss of vision, "bias" in the eyes, the focus of view is difficult;
– violation of the equilibrium and coordination of movements (sensations "of shaking, falling, rotating the body, dizziness", unstable gait up to fall);
– unusual strong headache (often after stress or physical stress);
– confusion of consciousness or its loss, uncontrolled urination or defecation.
With the sudden appearance of any of these signs, urgently call the team of emergency medical care, even if these manifestations of the disease have been observed only a few minutes.

Emergency algorithm:
1. Urgently call the team of emergency medical care, even if these manifestations of the disease have been observed only a few minutes;
2. Before the arrival of the ambulance brigade:
– if the patient is unconscious, put it on the side, remove removable dentures from the oral cavity (food residues, vomit, make sure that the patient breathes;
"If you have affected consciousness, help him take a comfortable sedentary or half-sideways in a chair or on the bed, laying under the back of the pillow. Protect fresh air. Disseminate collar shirt, belt, belt, remove shy clothes;
– Measure arterial pressure if its upper level exceeds 220 mm Hg. Art., Give a patient a drug that reduces blood pressure, which he took earlier;
– Measure the body temperature. If T 38 ° or more, give a patient 1 g of paracetamol (2 tablets of 0.5 g of spray, swallow) (in the absence of paracetamol of other antipyretic drugs not to give!);
– Put ice on the forehead and head, you can take products from the freezer, laid in waterproof packages and wrapped with a towel;
– if the patient previously accepted drugs that reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood, from the Statin Group (Simvastatin, Lovastatin Fluvastatin, Handustatin, Atorvastatin, Rosavastatin), give a patient a conventional daily dose;
– If the victim is difficult to swallow and he dripped with saliva from his mouth, tilt his head to a weaker body side, rush flowing with clean napkins;
– If the victim cannot say or his speech is not enough, calm him and encourage, assuring that this is a temporary state. Keep it by the hand on the non-stealized side, stop attempting to talk and do not ask questions requiring an answer. Remember that, although the victim and can not speak, he realizes what is happening and hears everything they say around.

Remember:
– That only caused in the first 10 min. From the beginning of a heart attack or ONMK, ambulance allows you to fully use modern highly efficient methods of inpatient treatment and reduce mortality from these diseases many times.
– That acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and nitroglycerin, adopted in the first minutes, can prevent the development of myocardial infarction and significantly reduce the risk of death from it.
– That the state of alcohol intoxication is not a reasonable reason for the delay of the challenge of the ambulance brigade in the development of a heart attack and a sharp brain circulation disorder – about 30% of those who suddenly died at home were in a state of alcohol intoxication.
– What a closed heart massage, spent in the first 60 – 120 seconds after a sudden stop of the heart allows you to return to 50% of patients to life.